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Elements of IRREVERSIBLE THERMODYNAMICS for Engineers

Author: Signe Kjelstrup
and Dick Bedeaux
ISBN: 9759756811
Publisher: International Centre for Applied Thermodynamics
Copyright: ©2001
Pages: 113
Language:
English
Binding: softcover
Price: $17.99

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Signe Kjelstrup (previously Kjelstup Ratkje) has been a professor of physical chemistry at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway since 1985. Her early works in irreversible thermodynamics concern electrochemical systems. Since 1995 she has also studied entropy production minimisation in process equipment. She is an honorary doctor of the University of North East China, and has also taught irreversible thermodynamics in Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. Her first book on irreversible thermodynamics was coauthored with Katrine Seip Førland. It was first printed by Wiley in 1988 and 1994 is now being reprinted into Japanese (1994) and Chinese (2001). Her homepage gives links to updated news on the book, and full solutions to exercises for downloading. http://www.chembio.ntnu.no/users/signekj/.

Dick Bedeaux has been professor of physical chemistry at the University of Leiden, The Netherlands, since 1984. He extended the theory of irreversible thermodynamics to the description of heat, mass and charge transport along, into and through boundary layers. More recently he worked on the description of curved surfaces in the context of equilibrium thermodynamics. Dick Bedeaux has co-authored the book Optical properties of surfaces with Jan Vlieger. The book is now being printed by the Imperial College Press, London.


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Table of Contents

  • Introduction
  • List of symbols
  • 1. Scope
  • 2. Why irreversible thermodynamics?
  • 2.1 Simple flux equations
  • 2.2 Flux equations in irreversible thermodynamics
  • 2.3 The entropy production and the lost work of an industrial plant
  • 2.4 The first and second law efficiency
  • 3. The entropy production rate
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Conservation laws
  • 3.3 The entropy production rate
  • 3.4 Examples
  • 3.5 The frame of reference for fluxes
  • 3.6 Appendix A: the first law
  • 3.7 Appendix B: Partial molar thermodynamic properties
  • 4. Flux equations and phenomenological coefficients
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Linear flux-force relations
  • 4.3 Transport of heat and mass
  • 4.4 Multicomponent diffusion
  • 4.4.1 Prigogine's theorem
  • 4.4.2 Diffusion in the solvent frame of reference
  • 4.4.3 The Maxwell-Stefan approach
  • 4.4.4 General frame of reference
  • 4.5 Transport of heat and charge
  • 4.6 Transport of mass and charge
  • 5. The lost work in the aluminium electrolysis
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 The aluminium electrolysis cell
  • 5.3 The first and second law efficiency
  • 5.4 The entropy production rate for simplified cell geometry
  • 5.5 Lost work due to charge transfer
  • 5.5.1 The bulk electrolyte
  • 5.5.2 The diffusion layer at the cathode
  • 5.5.3 The electrode surfaces
  • 5.5.4 The carbon electrodes
  • 5.6 Lost work by excess carbon consumption
  • 5.7 Lost work due to heat transport through the walls
  • 5.7.1 Conduction across the wall materials
  • 5.7.2 Radiation
  • 5.7.3 Convection
  • 6. Optimizing the second law efficiency of a process
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Parallel production paths
  • 6.3 Heat exchange
  • 6.4 A chemical reaction
  • 6.4.1 The reactor
  • 6.4.2 Conservation equations
  • 6.4.3 The minimization problem
  • 6.4.4 Calculations
  • 6.4.5 The reaction optimal reactor and its reference
  • 6.5 Distillation
  • 6.5.1 Columns
  • 6.5.2 The entropy production rate
  • 6.5.3 Diabatic versus adiabatic columns
  • 6.6 Concluding remarks
  • 7. References


 

 

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